Lesotho is a small nation, a former British protectorate, entirely surrounded by the country of South Africa. It has a population of around 2 million and its capital and largest city is Maseru, and the official language is Sesotho.
It is located entirely above 1,000 meters in elevation which lends itself to a cool climate throughout the year. It often undergoes droughts given its widely variable rainfall. These droughts also lead to migration to more urban areas and immigration to South Africa for new opportunities.
Lesotho is economically integrated with South Africa, given its location, and is primarily based on agriculture, livestock, manufacturing and mining, while also depending heavily on money coming back into the country from workers’ remittances from jobs in South Africa.