Many different types of discrimination and harassment are prohibited by law in Canada. This includes discrimination based on race, color, religion, sex, national origin, disability, and age. It also includes sexual harassment and retaliation for reporting discrimination or harassment.
Discrimination is when someone is treated differently than others because of their protected characteristic. For example, if an employer refuses to hire someone because of their race, that is discrimination.
Harassment is when someone is subjected to unwelcome conduct based on their protected characteristic. For example, if an employee is constantly subjected to racial slurs by their co-workers, that is harassment.
Retaliation is when someone is treated differently because they have reported discrimination or harassment. For example, if an employee is demoted or fired after they report being harassed by their boss, it classifies as retaliation.
Different Discrimination and Harassment Laws in Canada
There are four main types of discrimination and harassment that are prohibited by law in Canada: sex, race, disability, and age.
1. Sex Discrimination
Discrimination based on sex is prohibited by law in Canada. This means that employers, service providers, and others cannot treat you differently because of your sex.
Some laws protect against sex discrimination, including the Canadian Human Rights Act and the Employment Equity Act. These laws cover employment, housing, education, and access to services.
2. Race Discrimination
In Canada, it is against the law to discriminate against someone based on race. This means that employers, landlords, service providers, and others cannot treat someone differently because of their skin color, ethnic or national origin, or Aboriginal status.
3. Disability Discrimination
Disability discrimination is prohibited by law in Canada. The Canadian Human Rights Act and the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms protect people with disabilities from discrimination.
The Canadian Human Rights Act prohibits discrimination based on disability in employment, housing, and the provision of goods, services, and facilities. The Act also requires employers to make reasonable accommodations for the needs of employees with disabilities.
The Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms guarantees the right to equality and freedom from discrimination on the basis of disability.
4. Age Discrimination
Age discrimination is a serious issue in Canada. The Canadian Human Rights Act prohibits discrimination on the basis of age, and the Employment Equity Act protects older workers from being treated unfairly in the workplace.
Age discrimination can have a negative impact on older workers, preventing them from getting the jobs they want or from earning the incomes they need to support themselves and their families. Age discrimination can also lead to feelings of isolation and exclusion.
The Bottom Line
Discrimination and harassment are serious problems that can harm employees’ careers and mental health. If you believe you have been the victim of discrimination or harassment, you should contact an experienced employment law attorney to discuss your rights.
An attorney can help you determine whether you have a claim and can represent you in court if necessary.
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